宋神宗熙宁元年（公元1068年）铸“熙宁元宝”，皆小平铜钱；熙宁四年（公元1071年）铸“熙宁重宝”当十钱，这是为经略西北边陲所出，后来不断减重，以致于此钱版式较多。到熙宁六年时（公元1073年）改为折三使用，后又改为折二，从此每年发行折二钱。此外还有“熙宁重宝”铁钱，有小平、当五两种，钱文楷书旋读。

藏品介绍

中文名称：黑漆古熙宁重宝

英文名称：Black lacquer ancient Xining heavy treasure

类别：杂项

规格：一枚

品相：美品

这枚上千年的熙宁重宝，为圆形方孔铜质钱币，大小正确，钱币正面“熙宁重宝”四字隶书对读，字体端庄工整，笔画圆润饱满，挺拔俊秀，此币光背，穿孔干净，钱币整洁，古朴方正，法度固定，严谨庄重，黑漆古包浆自然古老，此币虽经历了无穷岁月，但纹路依然清晰可见，颇为难得。崇宁年号钱，作为北宋徽宗名泉之一，集书法艺术和铸造艺术于一体，具有重要的史料价值和艺术价值，也越来越为收藏界所重视和关注。

黑漆古：古铜长期存放在大气中锈蚀机理分析紫铜、青铜、黄铜在大气中都很稳定，一般小于0.00015毫米/年，在铜表面会生成一层极稳定的保护薄膜，主要是碱式硫酸铜呈橄榄绿色，还会产生氧化铜（CuO）中黑色，硫化亚铜黑色，及氧化亚锡（SnO)棕黑色。年代越久则锈层加厚颜色也变深，俗称为“黑漆古”，若长期在手中把玩则会使表面光亮如镜俗称“传世古”。但在这类古铜中也产生电化学腐蚀，故是“哑声‘。若古铜长期在干燥的环境中（大气中或土中）也会产生氧化铜和氧化亚金星呈深黑色，俗称“黑漆古”

咸丰年间正值太平天国革命运动的高潮时期。此时民怨沸腾，清政府财政拮据，国库亏空．在钱币铸造上大做文章，将财政危机转嫁到老百姓身上。相继铸造“咸丰通宝”、“咸丰重宝”、“咸丰元宝”等种类繁多的钱币。由于太平天国革命运动的发生，和鸦片战争的爆发，钱局铸造制钱已很难正常进行，很多省的钱局实际上处于停铸状态。

此后各地太平军连捷，加上鸦片战争的影响，清军政府军费开支大增，而各项税收大减，导致财政拮据，国库亏空。为了筹款镇压太平军，缓解财政危机，清政府被迫于咸丰三年开铸大钱。“咸丰重宝”始铸当十大钱，继而又开铸当五十、当百和当百以上，并令全国各省迅速铸造推行。“咸丰重宝”铸行情况十分混乱复杂。为了能迅速推行大钱，咸丰铸钱局数量上比前朝又有增加，已停铸的钱局纷纷恢复铸行。咸丰大钱的钱文书法，各局自成体系，差异明显。

藏品介绍

中文名称：咸丰重宝

英文名称：Xianfeng heavy treasure

类别：杂项

规格：1枚

品相：美品

“咸丰重宝”因存世量极少，成为众多钱币收藏研究者的共同追求，其不菲的价格并没有挡住众人收藏的热情，并且其价格依然存在很大的升值空间。咸丰重宝每年的成交价正在成倍上涨，行情一直稳中有升，成为古泉市场中一道风景线！

这枚钱币包浆自然，底光柔和，所谓包浆是自然形成的氧化层，也有人为手盘包浆，两者不同，但同时都有保护钱币的功能，有如给钱币镀上一层保护膜，使钱币不再氧化，便于收藏传世，如果觉得钱币脏，可以用清水洗，再用棉布擦干，不要破坏包浆，破坏了包浆就相当于破坏了保护层，更重要的是包浆是鉴定新老钱币最简单有效的方法。细看这枚钱币品相完美，没有磕缺，损毁，变形等是不可多的收藏级铜币，建议收藏，传世。

袁大头是民国时期主要流通货币之一，“袁大头”是对袁世凯像系列硬币的口语俗称，严谨点说叫“袁世凯像背嘉禾银币”。北洋政府为了整顿币制，划一银币，于民国三年（1914年）二月，颁布《国币条例》十三条，决定实行银本位制度。《国币条例》规定：“以库平纯银六钱四分八厘为价格之单位，定名为圆”，“一圆银币，总重七钱二分，银八九，铜一一”，“一圆银币用数无限制”，即以一圆银币为无限法偿的本位贷币。根据这一规定，于1914年12月及1915年2月， 先后由造币总厂及江南造币厂开铸一圆银币，币面镌刻袁世凯头像，俗称“袁头币”或“袁大头”。

清朝灭亡之后，1912年4月袁世凯出任大总统。北洋政府鉴于当时铸币、纸币十分复杂，流通的中外货币在百种以上，规格不一，流通混乱，折算繁琐，民众积怨，同时也想借助货币改制以解决军费问题，便决定铸发国币。袁世凯为了提高自己的统治地位，把他的头像铸于币面，“袁大头”由此而来。

藏品介绍

中文名称：民国三年袁大头

英文名称：Yuan dazhong in the third year of the republic of China

类别：杂项

规格：一枚

品相：美品

背嘉禾二本，左右交互，下系结带，中铸“壹圆”二字。这些年，在银元收藏界，有一个名字，始终不乏耳闻，那就是“袁大头”，特别是这几年，随着金银价格走强以及市场的火爆，许多老银元的市场价格都有了多倍的涨幅，其中部分版本特殊，品相良好，存世稀少的珍品，更是不可估量。

正面均为袁世凯五分侧面像，上列纪年，民国三年收藏价值是极高的，袁大头之所以会被称为袁大头主要是因为在这枚银元背后是印有袁世凯侧脸的“大头贴，并且这枚银元也是由他发行的，首先银元值钱的其中原因在于它和人民币不同，它从外国的传入期是由清朝开始袁世凯为了解决在辛亥革命后的军费问题以及个人地位提高的重要途径，从这里来说虽然他不受到欢迎但是银元背后的历史价值是不容小窥的。

袁大头中的极品民国三年袁大头，这一年的袁大头发行量最少，因为他在当时是一个错版的存在，一般的袁大头都是七个字，多了一个‘造’字，在所有袁大头中只有民国三年的袁大头是没有造字的，再看红圈所标记处，民字是多一点的，这也是与其它钱币很大的一个区别，下方红圈标记处，我们可以看到袁大头人像与内齿接触的地方是少一个内齿的，这也是内行人鉴定钱币真假重要的一点，这枚钱币整圈就少这一个内齿，当时的目的就为了来防伪的，而后期仿制的钱币是没有注意到这个细节的。

钱币收藏历来就讲究：藏‘绝’三年袁大头是整个袁大头系列里的一‘绝’其收藏价值极高，而且钱币第二侧重点就是看品相，这枚银币，包浆自然，整体规整，字体清晰，图案精美，无任何磕缺，变形，品相完美，是馆藏级别的银币。

英文翻译：Song Shenzong Xining first year (AD 1068) cast "Xining yuan Bao", are xiaoping copper money; Xining four years (AD 1071) cast "Xining heavy treasure" when ten money, this is for the northwest border out, and then continue to reduce weight, so that the money format more. To xining six years (AD 1073) to fold the use of three, later changed to fold two, from now on every year issued two money. In addition, there are "Xining treasure" iron money, xiaoping, when five two kinds of money, regular script rotation.

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: black lacquer gu Xining heavy treasure

Black Lacquer Ancient Xining Heavy Treasure

Category: Miscellaneous

Specification: one coin

Appearance: Beautiful

This thousands of years of dare to change the heavy treasure, for round square hole copper coin, size is correct, coin positive official script "dare to change the heavy treasure", to read, font dignified neat, stroke plump, tall and handsome, this money back light, perforated clean, COINS and tidy, of primitive simplicity, founder testimonies fixed, rigorous solemn, old black lacquer patina nature, the currency has undergone the endless years, but the lines are still clear, very rare. Chongning, as one of the famous springs of Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty, has an important historical value and artistic value, and has been paid more and more attention to by collectors.

Black lacquer: bronze long-term in atmospheric corrosion mechanism analysis of copper, bronze, brass in the atmosphere is very stable, generally less than 0.00015 mm/year, in the copper surface generates a very stable layer of protective film, mainly alkaline type copper sulfate in olive green, also can produce copper oxide (CuO) in black, cuprous sulphur black, and stannous oxide (SnO), dark brown. The longer the age of the rust layer thickened color also become deeper, commonly known as "black lacquer ancient", if long-term play in the hands will make the surface as bright as a mirror commonly known as "handed down the ancient". But electrochemical corrosion also occurs in this type of copper, so it is "mute". If the copper in a dry environment for a long time (in the atmosphere or soil) will also produce copper oxide and Venus oxide dark black, commonly known as "black lacquer ancient"

The Reign of Xianfeng was at the height of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom revolution. At this time, the public anger boiling, the Qing government financial constraints, the Treasury empty. Make a big fuss on the coin casting and transfer the financial crisis to the common people. Successively cast "Xianfeng tong Bao", "Xianfeng Heavy treasure", "Xianfeng yuan Bao" and other kinds of COINS. Due to the occurrence of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Revolution and the outbreak of the Opium War, it was difficult for the money making department to carry on normally, and many provincial money departments actually stopped casting.

After that, the taiping armies all over the country won successive victories. With the influence of the Opium War, the military expenditure of the Qing government increased greatly, while various taxes were greatly reduced, leading to financial constraints and a deficit in the state Treasury. In order to raise money to suppress the Taiping army and alleviate the financial crisis, the Qing government was forced to make a lot of money in xianfeng three years. "Xianfeng Zhong Bao" began to cast when ten, and then opened when 50, when 100 and when more than 100, and made the provinces quickly casting implementation. "Xianfeng Heavy treasure" cast line situation is very confused and complex. In order to carry out the big money quickly, the number of Xianfeng money casting bureau increased compared with the previous dynasty, and the money casting bureau which had stopped casting resumed one after another. Xianfeng qian qian calligraphy, each bureau has its own system, the difference is obvious.

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: Xianfeng heavy treasure

Xianfeng Heavy Treasure

Category: Miscellaneous

Specification: 1 piece

Appearance: Beautiful

"Xianfeng treasure" has become the common pursuit of many coin collectors due to its rare amount of existence. Its expensive price has not stopped the enthusiasm of the public to collect, and its price still has a great appreciation space. Xianfeng heavy treasure every year clinch a deal the price is rising twice, the market has been steady rise, become a scenery line in the ancient spring market!

This coin patina nature, the bottom light is downy, so-called wrapped slurry is a natural formation of the oxide layer, also some people to hand wrapped slurry, the two different, but at the same time have to protect the function of money, like a plated coin on a layer of protective film, make money no longer oxidation, facilitate collection handed down from ancient times, if feel money is dirty, can wash, reoccupy cloth wipe, do not destroy the wrapped slurry, destroyed the wrapped slurry is equivalent to destroy the protective layer, more important is the wrapped slurry is the most simple and effective method for identification of new and old COINS. Scrutinize this coin to taste photograph is perfect, without knock break, damage, be out of shape to wait to be not much collect class copper coin, the proposal is collected, handed down in the world.

Yuan Tou was one of the main currencies in circulation during the Republic of China. "Yuan Tou" is the colloquial name for yuan Shikai's series of COINS, or, to be more precise, "Yuan Shikai's jiahe silver coin on the back". In order to rectify the currency system, the Beiyang government, in February of the third year of the Republic of China (1914), promulgated the "national currency regulations" 13, decided to implement the silver standard system. According to the Regulations of the State Currency, "a unit of six silver COINS of kuping with a price of four cents and eight cents shall be named as the dollar", "a dollar of silver with a total weight of two cents, eight silver and one copper" and "a dollar of silver with an unlimited number of USES", that is, a dollar of silver shall be the standard loan with an unlimited law. According to this regulation, in December 1914 and February 1915, the coinage general factory and the Jiangnan Mint opened a dollar coin, engraved with the head of Yuan Shikai, commonly known as "Yuan Tou coin" or "Yuan Tou head".

After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Yuan Shikai became the great President in April 1912. In view of the complexity of coinage and paper currency at that time, there were more than 100 kinds of Chinese and foreign currency in circulation, with different specifications, chaotic circulation and complicated conversion. The people were resentful and wanted to solve the military expenditure problem by means of currency reform, so the Beiyang government decided to coin and issue national currency. Yuan Shikai, in order to enhance his dominance, had his head cast in the currency, hence the name "Yuan Tou".

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: Three years of the Republic of China Yuan Tou

Yuan Dazhong in the third year of the Republic of China

Category: Miscellaneous

Specification: one coin

Appearance: Beautiful

Jiahe back two, left and right interaction, under the binding belt, cast "one yuan" two words. Over the years, in the silver collection area, has a name, is not always hear, that is "big head" yuan, especially in recent years, as the gold and silver price strength and market, and many there were more than the market price of the old silver dollar rise, some of these special version, good appearance, only rare treasures, is immeasurable.

Positive are five yuan shikai profile, the above calendar, three years of the republic of China collection value is extremely high, big head big head is called yuan yuan because behind this silver was printed with yuan shikai side face of the photo, and it also issued by his silver medal, the first silver valuable is that it, unlike the yuan, the reasons of it from foreign afferent phase consists of the qing dynasty to yuan shikai in order to solve the problem of the military after xinhai revolution as well as an important means to improve the personal status, from here, although he is not popular but the history behind the silver dollar value is not small peep.

Big head, big head in need three years of the republic of China yuan yuan this bulk circulation of at least one year of yuan, because he was a wrong version of the existence of general yuan big head is seven words, more than a "made" word, in only three years of the republic of China of all bulk yuan yuan big head there is no word, take a look at the red circle marked place, people, word is a bit more, this is also with the rest of the money, a big difference between the red circle below, we can see the big head portrait yuan less contact with the inner gear is an inner gear, it is also a professional identification of true and false coin important, this coin within the whole circle of the less a tooth, At that time, the purpose is to prevent counterfeiting, and the later copy of the coin is not aware of this detail.

Coin collecting is exquisite, hid 'no' three years of big head big head series is the yuan yuan a 'no' in the very high collection value, and coin the second focus is see appearance, this coin, patina natural, whole is neat, clear font, beautifully designed, cutting without any deficiency, deformation, quality perfect, it is silver coin collection level.